Cryptos is a Cosmos SDK chain with a full Ethereum Virtual Machine running alongside it — not a bridged side chain, not a separate rollup. The same validators produce blocks and reach consensus for both lanes, so there is one trust assumption to evaluate, not two.
Standard Solidity contracts, standard JSON-RPC, standard tooling — wallets, indexers, and deploy scripts built for any EVM chain work against Cryptos without modification. The EVM lane carries its own numeric chain ID per network (mainnet, testnet-beta, testnet-gamma each have a distinct one), separate from the Cosmos chain ID used by the SDK side.
Underneath the EVM, Cryptos runs on the Cosmos SDK: native staking, on-chain governance, and a module system for chain-level behavior that doesn't fit neatly into a smart contract — bridging, privacy, and token issuance are all implemented as first-class modules rather than contracts bolted on top.
The custom modules that extend the Cosmos SDK base for Cryptos. Staking, bank, and governance come from the standard SDK; these are the ones built for this chain specifically.
Runs the Ethereum Virtual Machine inside the same block execution as the Cosmos modules.
Validator-signed custody and lock/release logic for assets moving in and out of the chain. See Bridge.
Note commitments, nullifiers, and proof verification for the private execution lane. See Privacy.
Threshold-decrypted transaction queue so pending shielded transactions aren't visible before inclusion.
Governance-adjustable issuance of the native CRYPTOS token.
Lets accounts create and manage their own native Cosmos-denominated tokens.
Drives periodic, block-height-based scheduling for other modules.
Price-feed infrastructure present in the module set; not yet enabled for public submissions.
Most chains serialize every transaction through a single leader per block. Cryptos's throughput research program (internally "Autobahn") lets multiple validators propose in parallel each round, removing that single-leader ceiling. The chart shows the research program's measured progression toward its target, not a committed production number.